Mahonia
Berberis aquifolium
One of the few shrubs to flower in dry shade in November, and it takes a hard renovation when it outgrows its corner.
Spacing & sowing
- Plant spacing
- 4 ft 11 in
- In-row spacing
- 4 ft 11 in
- Between rows
- 6 ft 2 in
- Square-foot density
- Not suited to SFG
Growing
- Type
- Shrub · Perennial
- Botanical family
- Mixed / other
- Sunlight
- Deep shade through to full sun — one for the dark corners.
- Watering
- Takes dry shade once established; water it through the first year.
- Feeding
- A compost mulch in spring; extra feeding is rarely needed.
- Frost tolerant
- Yes
- Flowering
- November
- Pruning
- Prune after flowering — it tolerates hard renovation.
Through the year
- Mar–Nov Spring Growth
- Nov–Dec Flowering
- Dec–Dec Growing
- Jan–Mar Growing
Companions
Hellebores, Ferns, Sarcococca
Pests & problems
- Sawfly Berberis sawfly
- Powdery mildew A white dusty coating over leaves and shoots when roots are dry but the air is humid. Keep plants watered and mulched, prune for airflow, and remove the worst leaves.
- Rust Orange-brown powdery pustules on leaf undersides, weakening the plant over the season. Remove affected leaves, avoid overhead watering, and clear all debris in autumn.
Garden allies
Beneficial predators that hunt this plant's pests — grow their favourite flowers nearby to recruit them. companion plant
- Parasitic wasps Braconidae & TrichogrammaHunts Sawfly
Tiny, stingless wasps that lay eggs in or on caterpillars, aphids, and moth eggs — the white cocoons riding a hornworm are their calling card, so leave that caterpillar be. Umbel flowers with shallow nectar keep the adults fuelled.
- Spined soldier bug Podisus maculiventrisHunts Sawfly
A predatory stink bug — same shield outline as the pest, but with a sharp spine at each shoulder and a beak it uses to spear caterpillars and beetle grubs. Learn the spines before you squash a shield bug, because this one is on your side.
- Tachinid fly TachinidaeHunts Sawfly
Bristly, house-fly-lookalike parasitoids that lay eggs on caterpillars, beetle grubs, and earwigs — the maggot consumes the host from within. Adults sip nectar from shallow umbels and daisies.
The Cottage Garden Companion — the gardener's herbarium at cottagegardencompanion.com