Solomon's plume

Maianthemum racemosum

also called false solomon's seal, solomon plume, feathery false lily of the valley

Arching leafy wands tipped with a foam of cream flowers in spring, then clusters of speckled berries ripening ruby red: the showier cousin the true Solomon's seal keeps getting credit for.

Light Shade to dappled sun
Water Moderate
Hardiness Hardy
USDA zones 3a–8b
Height 0.5–0.9 m
Spread 23.6 in
Spacing 40–60 cm
Sow depth Rhizome just below the surface, from a division or container
Root depth 4–12 in
Type
Flower · Perennial
Botanical family
Mixed / other
Foliage color
Green
Flower color
White
Sunlight
Shade to dappled sun
Watering
Moderate
Soil
Moist, rich, woodsy, slightly acid
Feeding
Gentle all-organic
USDA zones
3a–8b
Frost tolerant
Yes
Plant out
at the last spring frost
Plant spacing
17.7 in
In-row spacing
15.7 in
Between rows
23.6 in
Square-foot density
Not suited to SFG
Root system
Running rhizomes
Working depth
4–12 in
Can reach
18 in down where the soil allows
Spread
4–8 ft across, about 2–4× the width of the plant
Shallowest pot
12 in of soil

It travels underground, and it does not stop where you would like it to. Taking the tops off does nothing at all to the run, and every fragment left behind is a new plant. In open ground the only boundary that holds is a barrier sunk two spits deep, or a container with its rim standing clear of the soil.

The habit is Solomon's plume’s own; the figures are what that habit usually comes to at this size, not a measurement of this species. Roots follow the soil either way: a compacted pan, a high water table or heavy clay stops them well short of any of it, and deep open ground lets them go further.

When
Not harvested; the berries belong to the thrushes. Divide in early spring or fall.
What to look for
The plume of berries fully ruby red in late summer. A patch dense enough to lift a piece from without a visible hole.
How to harvest
To divide, lift a section of the shallow rhizome with buds on it and replant at the same depth in woodsy soil. Otherwise, cut the browned stems in late fall and top-dress with leaf mold.
How often
A fall tidy; division whenever a friend admires it.
Storing the crop
Nothing to store. The berries are technically edible but bitter-then-laxative; every field guide and this one say leave them to the birds.
  • Generally trouble-free No notable pest or disease problems when grown in the right conditions — one of the easy ones.

Tell them apart in a second: Solomon's seal dangles its flowers in a row under the stem, Solomon's plume carries them all in one plume at the tip. The berries feed thrushes and grouse; the patch creeps politely and lives for decades.